Duplex steam-engine.



No. 825,924. EATENTED JULY I7, IOOO.

I "1. N. MOORE.

lDE'EEEX STEAM ENGINE.

APPLIO-ATION FILED APE. 7, 1904.

` '3 sHEETss'HEET 2,

Wtrgess'es;

.... Q @By PATENTED JULY 1'7, 1906.

I. N. MOORE..

DUPLEX STEAM ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR.7.1904.

' s SHEETS-SHEET s.

' UNITED sTATEs PATENT .OFFICE ILA N. .MOORE 'OF BATTLE Clt-EEK,MlCHIGAN, lASSIGNOR TO THE ADVANCE PUMP & COMPRESSOR COMPANY. OF BATTLECREEK,

MICHIGAN.

DUPLEX ,STEAM-ENGINE.

` Specification of Letters Patent. .ifmiicmon filed Apri1-7, 1904.Serial Nn. 202,124.

Patented July 17, 1906.

of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in DuplexSteam-Engines, of which the following is a specification. This inventionrelates to improvements in duplex steam-engines.

The objects of this invention are, first, -to provide an improved duplexsteam-engine which is adapted to maintain a comparatively even speedunder varying conditions of-load or work; second, to provide an improvedduplex steam-engine having an even stroke or movement; third, to providean iinproved duplex steam-engine which is notsubject to racing and onewhich at the saine time exhausts freely, thereby avoiding back pressure.r

-Further objects and objects relating to I structural details willdefinitely appear from the detailed description to follow. l

l accomplish the objectskof my invention by the devices and meansdescribed in the following specification.

The invention is clearly defined, and pointed out in the claims.

A structure embodying the features of my invention is fully illustratedin the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specificatioh, inwhichi Figure l is a detail longitudinal sectional view taken' on a linecorresponding to the broken line 1 l of Fig. 2, portions beingshown infull lines. Fig. 2 is a detail transverse secf tional view taken on aline corresponding to line 2 2 of Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a detaillongitudinal sectional view taken on aline correspond ing to the brokenline 3 3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a detail horizontal sectional viewthrough'the steam-chamber C, showing the arrangement Aand structure ofthe valve.

In the drawings the sectional views are taken looking inthe direction ofthe little arrows at the ends of the section-lines, and simi parts larletters of reference refer to similar throughout the several views.

Referring to the drawings, l provide a pair of steam-cylinders A, whichare arranged side .by side. Suitable pistons A A are provided,

and these are provided with suitable pistoniods c. T he cylinders A arecach provided with main admission ports or passages 1^,

which open into the cylinders a short distance from their ends, andauxiliary or preadmission ports or passages i, which open into thecylinders at their ends beyond the passages 1. These passages i and '1'connectnthe cylinder with the steani-cliainber C, which is preferablycommon to both of the cylinders.

. Valves c and c are provided. Thes'evalves are provideddvith ports n'ateach end, preferably several in number, as appears in Fig. 4. Thecombined areas, however, of .the ports n at Vone end of the valve areless than that of one of the passages 'l'. These valves are adapted toalternately connect the pas*4 sages r to the exhaust. The steani-chamberC is connected to a suitable source of steam: supply by a pipe C. Thevalves c and c are provided with suitable stems D. The stems D aresecured by links D to the arms F and G. These arms F and G are mountedon rock-shafts e c', respectively. (See Fig. 2.) The roc V-shafts e eare supported on a. bracket or frame E, which is arranged on the toprail B of the engine-frame. These rock-shafts e e are connected by armsFand G to the piston-rods a, so that the rock-shafts are actuated `by thepiston-rods. The arms F and G are pivotall)Y secured to blocks a,carried by the piston-rods.

The arms F and F are arranged on the rock-shaft e in the same relationtheretothat is, they project in the saine general direction-'so that thevalve c (which is connected to the arm F) is moved with or in the samedirection as its controlling-piston A to the piston-rod to'wliich thearm F is connected. The arms G and G are arranged on the rockshaft e inthe opposite directions in relation thereto-that is, they project inopposite directions-so that the movement of the valve c, which isconnected to the arm G, is opposite to that of its controlling-piston A,to the piston-rod of which the arm G is connected. Thus connected, thevalves are actuated in succession-that is, they have a chasing orfollowing movement in relation to eachother, which of course occasionsthe same movement of the pistons.

l provide the inner ends 'of the valvestems with bearing-sleeves d,which are arranged in the bearings c of the valves. The

Yinner ends of the valve-Steins are threaded,

and t-lie bearing-sleeves d are retained inA position thereon by thenuts d. (See Figs. 2,

3, and 4.) ,`These nuts d ser've as tappets i for the valves. Thusconnected, the valves are not actuated until their controlling-pistonshave partially completed their strokes,

ton is provided. The auxiliary or preadmission ports i are first openedand serve to start the piston, giving them an easy start. AsA the portsrt of the valves are of lesser area 35 vvliichri't-is-practical-anddesirable that,A the enginesliould hernan...-

I have illustrated my invention in connection With-'a pump, aportiononly of the punipcylinders W being shown. 4o a are connected to anysuitable pump-plunger, the same not being here illustrated. YWith thevalves and gear thus arranged, should the suction become broken or thelabor be taken off the Water end of the pump, the en gine Will 45 notpound, as the speed of the piston is limit- 'ed by the time requiredforthe steam to pass through the ports n of the valves. With thisrestricted admission-portage,the ports or pascushioned `so that theirmovement is even,

and the liability of racing or pounding and injury to the engine bythechange in the load or work is overcome.

sages; valves having a plurality of ports or openings therein adapted tob'e'brought into v-registei with said ni'ain inlet-passages', 'the'combined area of sald openings being less to said rock-shafts e and erespectively, and- ;piv'otally secured to said piston-rods, allcoiacting for the urpose` specified. y

2.. The com ination of' a pair of cylinders; f

5 preferably about three-fourths thereof.` This l l. have illustratedand described my im- 7o connection of the valves to the stems is very vproved engine in the form preferred .by me on simple and4 yet verydesirable, as it enables account of its simplicity and economy in use.theperfect adjustment thereof. I l am :Lwaie, however, that-it iscapable of In the drawings the piston A is shown considerable variationin structural details ro about the center of its in'strolie and thepiswithout departing from my invention. 75 ton A at the end of itsoutstrolie. (See Having thus described my'invention, what Figs. l and3.) When the piston A lis in 'l claim as new, and desire to securebyLetthis position, the slack in the valve-stein of terslatent, is- I thevalve c ispractically taken up, and as 1. The combination .of a pair ofcylinders; 15 the piston moves forward the valve c is actupistonstherefor; piston-rods a steani-cham- 8o ated and steam is admitted tothe outer end, ber common to both of said cylinders; 'main of thecylinder of the piston A, and its inner inlet-passages opening into saidcylinders toend is connected to the exhaust H.' As the Ward the endsthereof; Aauxiliary or read- 'auxiliary or p'readmission portsi areclosed mission passages opening into said cy inders 2o or sealed by thevalve c, a cushion for the pisat the ends thereof, 4beyond said mainpas- 8 5 25 nthan the passages-they form, in connection than that ofsaid main passages, said valves 9o therewith, a restrictedadmission-portage for being adapted to alternately connect saidA thecylinders, so that this easy movement of inlet-passages Withthe'exhaust; valvethe piston' is continued throughout,Vv The stemsscrew-threaded on their inner ends; vopening-ports??J ofthe valve are,as'above bearing-sleeves on said stems; nuts on said 3o' mentioned, soarranged that the'auxiliary-or stemsfor adjustably securing saidbearing- 9 5 preadmissionports or passages i are sealed sleeves inposition and to serve as tappets; bythe valve. The capacity of theOrts/n is bearings on said' valves adapted to receive so gaged that theright quantity ofpsteamis said bearing-sleeves; rock-shafts eand e; radmitted to the cylinder Within thetinie in l,arms F G on saidrock-shafts connected to Y Y said valve-stems; and arms 'F and G'securedroo' piston therefor; pistonrods; a steam- '105 cham .er commento bothof said cylinders;

main inlet-passages opening into said cylinders toward the end thereof;auxiliary or preadmission passages opening into said cylinders at theends thereof, beyond said main passages; valves having a pluralityofpports or openings therein adapted to be broughtl into register withsaid main inlet-passages, i'

. "sages 1" may be of comparatively large size, so the combined area ofsaid openings being less i' 5 a that the cylinder is readily exhausted,thus 'asfoiding Vback pressure in operation. An-

jgtlier advantage of this arrangement of ports is that 'itis possibleto' carry @higher pressure j of'steamin the steam-chest than'in thecylin- 5 5 der, thus insuring a prompt action of the pisbeing adapted toalternately connect said in-v let-passages WiththeA exhaust; valve-stemsscrew-threaded onltheir inner ends; bearingsleeves on said stems; nutson said stems for adjustably securing said bearin -sleeves in 1 zoearmgs on than that of said main passages, 'said valves 1i 5- tons,for-as soonpas the second valve-opens,

I the steam-pressure inthe steain-chestbeing`VV higherthan that inthecylinder, the-second piston is at once started, this occuring inacpositionv and to serve as tappets;

said valves, adapted to receive said bearingsleeves; a pair ofrock-shafts, one having a pair of correspondingly-projecting arms andthe other having a pair of oppositely-projecting' arms; and suitableconnections'for said arms to said piston rods and valves,.all=v.coacting for the purpose specified. i

I 3. The combination-of alpair. of cylinders; pistons therefor;pistonreds;j a steam- 13') lltrolled by a projecting part of tbhe mainvalve -when the valve approaches the end of its stroke ;.valves havingaplurality ofports r openings therein adapted to be brought intoregister With said inain inlet-passages, the combined area of saidopenings being less than that of said inain passages,` said valvesirrangeid.` cylinders; pistons lbeing. adapted to .alternatel connectsaid inletnpassages with said ex aust; suitable valvefsteins;rock-shafts e and e; arins F Gfgon said rock-shafts connected to saidvalve-stems; and arms F and G secured to said rock-shafts e and erespectively, and pivotallysecured to said piston-rods, all coactingforithe purpose specified. y

4. The combination of a pair of parallel- 'ton-rods; for said pistons; asteam-chamber commento both of said cylinders; main inle't'passagesopening into said cylinders toward the ends thereof; auxiliary orpreadrnission `passages opening into' said cylinders at the endsthereof, beyond said main passages, said auxiliary passages beingcontrolled by a projecting part of the main valve when tl i evalveapproaches the end of its stroke; -valves having ports or openingstherein adapted to be brought into register with said inaininlet-passages, the combined area of said openings being less than thatof saidmain passages, said valves being adapted to"'alteriiately connectsaid inlet-passages with the exhaust; suitable valve-Steins; a pair ofrock-shafts, one having a pair of correspiindingly-projectingarms andthe otherl a pair oi op{ iositely-projecting arins; 'and suitableconnections for said arms to said piston-rods and valve-stems, allcoacting for the purpose specified.

5. The combination of a pairof cylinders; pistons therefor; piston-rods;main inletpassages opening into said'cylinders toward the ends thereof;auxiliary or preadniission passages opening into said cylinders at theendstliereof beyond saidvrnain passages, said` auxiliary passages beingcontrolled by a proiecting part of the main valve when the valveapproaches the end of its stroke; valves having ports or openingstherein adapted to be 'brought' into register with said niain inletg n tpassages, the combined'area of said openings being less than that ollsaid main passages, said valves being adapted to alternately connect said passages to the exhaust; valvesteins; suitable tappets therefor; apair of rock-shafts, one having al pair of correspondingly-projectingarms and the other having a lpair of oppositely-projecting arms; andsuitable connectioiis for said arins to said pistontherefor; pis.

rods and valve-stems, for the purpose specified. u f

6. The combination of a pair of cylinders; pistons therefor;piston-rods; main inletpassages opening into said cylinders toward theends thereof; auxiliary or preadinission passages opening into `saidcylinders at the ends thereof beyond said niain passages, said auxiliarypassages being controlled by a projecting part of the main valve whenthe valve approaches the end of its stroke; valves having ports oropenings therein adapted to be brought into register with said inain:inletpassages, the combined area of said openings eing less than thatof said inain passages; valve-stems; suitable tappets therefor; a pairof rock-shafts, one having aair of correspondingly-projecting armslanthe other having a pair of oppositely-projecting arms; and suitableconnections for said arms to said piston-rods and valve-stems; for thepur- 'pose specified.

7. The combination of a pair of cylinders; pistons therefor;piston-rods; main inletpassages opening into said cylinders towardtheends thereof; auxiliary or readmissionpassages opening into'said cyinders at the ends thereof beyond said main assages, said auxiliarypassages being contro led by a projecting part of the nia-in valve whenthe valve approaches the end of its stroke; valves having ports oropeningstherein adapted to be brought into register with said maininletassages, the combined area of said openings iieing less than thatof said main passages, said valves beingr adapted to alternately connectsaid Vpassages to the exhaust; valvestems; a pair of rock-shafts, onehaving a pair of correspondingly-projecting arms and IOS ilo

ends thereof beyond said main passages, said auxiliary passages beingcontrolled by a pro-` jecting part of the main valve when the valveapproaches the end of it-s stroke; valves` having ports or openingstherein adapted to be brought into register with said main inletassages,the combined area of said openings iieing less than that of said mainpassages; valve-stems; a pair of rock-shafts, one having a pair o fcorrespondiugly-projeeting arms' and the other having a pair ofoppositelyprojecting arms; and suitable connections for said arms tosaid piston-rods and valvestems, for the urpose speciiied.`

9. The coin )ination of a pair of cylinders; pistons therefor;piston-rods; main inletpassages opening into said cylinders toward theends thereof; Iauxiliary or preadmission thereof beyond said mainpassages, said aux- `passages opening into said cylinders at the iliarypassages being controlled bya projectends thereof beyond said mainpassages, said ing part of the main valve When the valve auxiliarypassages being controlled by -a proapproaches the end of its stroke;valves havjecting part-of the main valve when the valve ing ports oropenings thereinadapted to be 7o approaches the end of itsstroke;.valves havbrought into register with said main inleting ports oropenings therein adapted to be passages, the combined area of saidopenings l brought into register with said main inletbeing less thanthat of said main passages;

passages, the combined area of said openings .valve-stems andconnections for said pistonbeing lessA than that of said main passages,rods and valve-stemswhereby one of said 75 said valves being adapted toalternately Iconvalves is given a movement tov'cor-respond v neet saidpassages to the exhaust; valvewith that of its controlling-piston,v andthe stems; suitable tappets therefor; and conother is given a movementopposite to that nections for said piston-rods and valve-stems of itscontrolling piston, for the purpose whereby one 4of said valves is givena movespecified. 8o nient to correspond to thatof its controlling- 13.The combination of a pair lof cylinders; piston and the other is given amovement oppistons therefor; piston-rods main inlet-pasposite to that ofits controlling-piston, for sages opening into said cylinders toward thethe purpose specified. ends thereof; auxiliary or preadniission pas- 10.The combination of a pair of cylinders sages opening into said cylindersat the ends 8 5 pistons therefor; vpiston-rods; main inletthereof beyondsaid main passages, said auxpassages opening into said cylinders towardiliary passages being controlled by a projectvthe ends thereof;auxiliary or readmission' ing part of the main valve when the valvepassages opening into said cylinders at the vapproaches Athe endjof itsstroke; yvalveends iereof beyond said main passages, said stems;suitable tappets therefor, a pair of 9o auxiliary passages beingcontrolled by a prorock-shafts one having a' pair of correspondjectingpart of tthe main v'alve when the valve ingly-projecting arms,V and theother having approaches the end of its stroke; vvalves hava pair ofoppositely-projecting arms', and

ing ports or openings therein adapted to be suitable connections forsaid arms to said pisbrought into register with said main inletton-rodsand valve-stems., for the purpose 95 assages, the combined area of saidopenings specified. l f eing less than that of said main pas: ages; 14.The combination of apair of cylinders; valve-stems; suitable tappetstherefor; and pistons therefor; piston-rods main inlet-pasconnectionsfor said piston-rods and valvesages opening into said cylinders towardthe 5 stems whereby one of said valves is given a ends thereof;auxliaryor prea'dmi'ssion pasme i movement to correspond to that of itsoonsages opening into said cylinders at the ends trolling-piston, Iandthe` other is given a I, thereof beyond said main passages, said'auxniovementthe opposite of that-of its con-y iliary passages beingcontrolled by aprojecttrolling-piston, for the purpose specified. ingpart'of the main valve 'When the valve' 11` The'combination of'a pair ofcylinders; approaches the end of its stroke; valve- 105 pistonstherefor; piston-rods; main iniet-passtems; a pair of rock-shafts, onehaving a o, sages opening into said cylinders toward the pair ofcorrespondingly-projecting arms and ends thereof; auxiliary orpreadmission pasi the other having a pair of oppositely-projectsagesopening intosaid cylinders at the ends ing arms; and suitableconnections for said. vthereof beyond said main passages, said auxarmsto said piston-rods and valve-stems, for 1 ro '-iliary passages beingcontrolled by a projectthe purpose speciied. A' ing part of the mainvalve when the valve 15. The combination of a'pair of cylinders; ,Yapproaches theend of its stroke; valves havpistons therefor; piston-rods3 main inlet-pasing ports or openings therein adapted to be sagesopening into said cylinders toward the brought intogregist'er with saidmain inletends thereof; auxiliary br preadmission pas- 115 passages, the'combined area of said lopenings sages opening into said cylinders atthe ends being less than that of said main passage-s, thereof beyondsaid main passages, said aux- -saidvalves being adapted t-o alternatelyco'n-l iliary passages being controlled by a project- -neet saidpassages to the exhaust; valveing part of the main valve Whe-n the valvestems.; and connections for said piston-rods approaches the end of itsstroke; valve- 12o "and ValYe-Stm'swhereby one of said' valves stems;suitable tappets therefor; and conis given a movement to correspond tothat of nectionsfor said piston-rods and valvestems itscontrolling-piston and the other is given a whereby one of said valvesis given a movemovement the opposite of that .of its controlme'nt tocorrespond to that of its controllingy ling-piston, fort evpurposespecified. piston, .and the other is given a-movement 125 1 12. Thecombinationof a pair of cylinders; opposite to thatvof itscontrolling-piston, for pistons therefor; piston-rods; main inlet-pasthepurpose specified. sages Opening into said cylinders toward the 16.v Thecombination of a pair of cylinders; ends thereof; auxiliary orpreadmission paspistons therefor; piston-rods; main inlet-pas- 65 lsagesopening into saldcylindeis at the ends l sages opening into saidcylinders toward the 130 ends thereof; auxiliary or preadmissionpassages opening into said cylinders at the ends thereof beyond s aidmain passages, said auxiliary passages being controlled by a projectingpart of the main valve when the valve approaches the end of its stroke;valvestenis; and connections for said piston-rods and valve-stemswhereby one of said valves is given a 'movement to correspond to that ofits eontrolling-piston and .the other is given a movement opposite tothat of its controllingpiston, for tho purpose specified.

17. 'lhe combination of a pair of cylinders; pistons therefor;piston-rods; main inlet-passagesopening into said cylinders toward thelends thereof; auxiliary or preadniission passages opening into saidcylinders at the ends thereof beyond said rnain passages, said auX-iliary passages being controlled by a project-- Vneet said passages tothe exhaust; valvesteins; and suitable connections for said piston-rodsand valve-stems, for the purpose speoiIied.

In witness whereof l have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twowitnesses.

. ILA N. MOORE. Witnesses:

EDWARD REEVES, CLAUDE A FLINN.

